A hybrid PSO-ANFIS model for predicting unstable zones in underground roadways

The problem of roof failure in underground coal mines is responsible for many fatalities, injuries, downtimes, and delays in production planning. Currently, the support systems in underground roadways are mainly designed based on the miners’ experience or, at worst, on trial and error. Nonetheless, the excessive roof displacements may lead to undesirable instabilities that have adverse effects on the mining operations. The uncontrolled roof...