Jekyll and Hyde: nuclear receptors ignite and extinguish hepatic oxidative milieu

Nuclear receptors (NRs) are responsible for coordinating nutrient and xenobiotic metabolism and function as sensors of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress and dysregulated NR signaling are observed in liver diseases. NR signaling is paradoxical, wherein specific agonists, including diet, can reduce while others induce oxidative stress and liver injury. Based on the literature, we postulate that the context and the chemical nature of the ligand...