Adjuvant Immunotherapy after Curative Treatment for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hepatectomy and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) have been established as curative therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, HCC still has a high recurrence rate after these treatments. A study of HCC pathology has shown that microscopic intrahepatic metastasis occurs in about 10% of tumors ≤2 cm, and microvascular invasion occurs in about 27% of these tumors [1]. Thus, even small HCCs (≤2 cm) have a risk of recurrence. Moreover,...