Bio-fuel additive synthesized from levulinic acid using ionic liquid-furfural based carbon catalyst: Kinetic, thermodynamic and mechanism studies

The ethyl levulinate is one of promising platform chemical from biomass and commonly involved the esterification reaction of levulinic acid. The reactions are extensively focussed on the catalytic performance by various catalysts and presented limited work on the kinetic, thermodynamic and mechanism study for heterogeneous catalyst reaction. To fill this gap, the reaction analysis over a new ionic liquid-furfural carbon catalyst has been...