Machine Learning-based Diabetic Retinopathy Early Detection and Classification Systems- A Survey

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease that spreads quickly worldwide. It results from increasing the blood glucose level and causes complications in the heart, kidney, and eyes. Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is an eye disease that refers to the bursting of blood vessels in the retina as Diabetes exacerbates. It is considered the main reason for blindness because it appears without showing any symptoms in the primitive stages. Earlier detection and...