Injection locking

Vackář oscillator

Electrical engineering

Physics

Mathematical optimization

Engineering

Harmonic

Hamiltonian (control theory)

Relaxation oscillator

Artificial intelligence

Voltage

Topology (electrical circuits)

Programming language

Local oscillator

Electronic engineering

Control (management)

SIGNAL (programming language)

Mathematics

Harmonic oscillator

Computer science

Control theory (sociology)

Ising model

Laser

Voltage-controlled oscillator

Quantum mechanics

Radio frequency

Telecommunications

Scientific Reports

Coupled electronic oscillators have recently been explored as a compact, integrated circuit- and room temperature operation-compatible hardware platform to design Ising machines. However, such implementations presently require the injection of an externally generated second-harmonic signal to impose the phase bipartition among the oscillators. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate a new electronic autaptic oscillator (EAO) that uses engineered feedback to eliminate the need for the generation and injection of the external second harmonic signal to minimize the Ising Hamiltonian. Unlike conventional relaxation oscillators that typically decay with a single time constant, the feedback in the EAO is engineered to generate two decay time constants which effectively helps generate the second harmonic signal internally. Using this oscillator design, we show experimentally, that a system of capacitively coupled EAOs exhibits the desired bipartition in the oscillator phases without the need for any external second harmonic injection, and subsequently, demonstrate its application in solving the computationally hard Maximum Cut (MaxCut) problem. Our work not only establishes a new oscillator design aligned to the needs of the oscillator Ising machine but also advances the efforts to creating application specific analog computing platforms.

Creating electronic oscillator-based Ising machines without external injection locking