Nitrate in Danish household tap water and the risk of small-for-gestational-age, 1991-2015

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Findings from studies examining the effects of prenatal exposure to nitrate from drinking water on fetal growth have been inconsistent, small, and mostly ecologic in nature. The aim of this study was to assess maternal exposure to nitrate (NO₃⁻) in drinking water and small-for-gestational-age in a large population-based cohort. METHODS: Exposure estimates from each maternal address during pregnancy were obtained from a...