Heterogeneous microstructure of the bonding zone and its dependence on preheating in hybrid manufactured Ti-6Al-4V

Hybrid manufacturing (HM) Ti-6Al-4V components combining the advantages of forging and additive manufacturing were achieved. The bonding zone of the HMed component joins the substrate and the additive manufactured zone and its α′-α/α′/αm-α/β heterogeneous microstructure was attributed to the distinguishing cooling rate and pseudo-isothermal annealing temperature. The phase transformation mechanisms were clarified with a numerical simulation...