Designing smart triple-network cationic cryogels with outstanding efficiency and selectivity for deep cleaning of phosphate

Phosphate is one of the most difficult pollutants in the wastewaters asking for deep cleaning before discharge into the environment. To address this stringent need, novel composite sponges consisting of triple-cationic networks (TN) with cross-linked chitosan (CS) as the first network, cross-linked low molar mass branched poly(ethylene imine) (b-PEI) as the second network, and either b-PEI (TN1) or poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate)...