Clinical Features and Prognosis of Patients with Carcinoid Syndrome and Carcinoid Heart Disease: A Retrospective Multicentric Study of 276 Patients

Introduction: Carcinoid syndrome is the most frequent functional syndrome of neuroendocrine neoplasia. It is characterized by flushing, diarrhea, wheezing, hypotension, and exanthema and may cause carcinoid heart disease. Methods: We assessed clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with carcinoid syndrome and carcinoid heart disease in 276 patients from 3 referral centers. Results: Carcinoid syndrome patients had a mean age of 57...