Evaluation of the technical and environmental feasibility of adsorption process to remove water soluble organics from produced water: A review

One of the largest wastewater flows generated in the oil and gas industry is produced water (PW), which can come from oil fields, gas fields or a combination of oil and gas fields. This effluent has a complex and variable chemical composition; it contains a significant amount, sometimes up to 500 mg L−1, of water soluble organic compounds (WSO) that are not easily removed by conventional physical-chemical treatment as coagulation and flotation....