Numerical methods of closed-loop multibody systems with singular configurations based on the geometrical structure of constraints

The geometrical structure of constraints leads to the important conclusion that components of velocities and accelerations in the normal space of the constraint hypersurface are totally determined by the constraints. Orthogonal base vectors of the constraint’s normal and tangent spaces can be obtained by the QR decomposition with column permutation. A numerical method of closed-loop multibody systems with singular configurations is presented, in...