Comprehensive review of membrane design and synthesis for membrane distillation

Water scarcity is a grand challenge that requires continuous exploration of new desalination technologies in order to augment the global supply of fresh water. In this context, membrane distillation (MD) is a promising technology that operates based on a thermal gradient to transfer vapor molecules across a porous hydrophobic membrane. Lack of suitable membranes is one of the major challenges hindering commercialization of the MD process. As a...