Ultrasonic welding of fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites: Current understanding and challenges

Ultrasonic welding (USW) provides a cost-efficient method for joining fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite (FRTP) which is increasingly used in various industries as a kind of emerging lightweight material. As a result of the distinct 3D fibrous and porous network structures of FRTP together with the ultrafast and multiphysical features of USW, a great deal of interest has been generated to study the fundamentals and applications of this...