Smart engineering of gold nanoparticles to improve intestinal barrier penetration

Overcoming the harsh environment and epithelial barrier of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is an important challenge for orally administered nanodrugs. Among the various nano-sized drug delivery systems, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) possess unique characteristics that make them promising candidates for improving drug bioavailability. A profound understanding of the GI tract microenvironment and the mechanisms of nanoparticle transportation through...