Irrigation-assisted intraductal ultrasonography with a 3-Fr microcatheter during endoscopic retrograde cholangiography

Intraductal ultrasonography (IDUS) is one of the most useful intraductal modalities for investigating the structure of the biliary wall layers and for the presence of stones during endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) [1] [2] [3]. In patients with pneumobilia, however, conventional IDUS is significantly limited in its ability to provide accurate cross-sectional...