Adverse events of hyperthermic intravesical chemotherapy for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients

Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is one of the most frequent neoplasms in Denmark. Treatment of high-risk NMIBC usually consists of transurethral resection of bladder (TUR-B) followed by intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) instillations. Unfortunately, some patients are BCG-unresponsive and will relapse over time. Radical cystectomy is the recommended salvage treatment following BCG-failure or BCG-intolerance. However, not all...