Dispersion State and Damage of Carbon Nanotubes and Carbon Nanofibers by Ultrasonic Dispersion: A Review

Dispersion of carbon nanotubes and carbon nanofibers is a crucial processing step in the production of polymer-based nanocomposites and poses a great challenge due to the tendency of these nanofillers to agglomerate. Besides the well-established three-roll mill, the ultrasonic dispersion process is one of the most often used methods. It is fast, easy to implement, and obtains considerably good results. Nevertheless, damage to the nanofibers due...