Ongoing Axonal Injury in Chronic Active Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the CNS that is characterized by the accumulation of focal inflammatory demyelinating lesions. In the acute phase, lesions are typified pathologically by a dense infiltrate of activated microglia/macrophages/lymphocytes, demyelination, and transected axons.1,2 Subsequently, some lesions become chronic inactive, whereas up to 57% of lesions show persistent inflammation,1,2 and are defined as chronic...