Tumor microenvironment-based drug discovery: a novel insight into bladder cancer immunotherapy

To the Editor: Bladder cancer (BCa) is one of the most common urological malignant tumors. With a worldwide incidence of 573,278 cases in 2020, it ranks eleventh among all tumors.[1] Despite having different approved immune checkpoint inhibitors for use among patients with BCa, the response rate to those drugs has remained limited, varying from 20% to 40%.[2] Therefore, it remains critical to discover new effective immunotherapy drugs to treat...