CXCR4 blockade sensitizes osteosarcoma to doxorubicin by inducing autophagic cell death via PI3K‑Akt‑mTOR pathway inhibition

Doxorubicin is one of the most frequently used chemotherapy drugs in the treatment of osteosarcoma (OS), but the emergence of chemoresistance often leads to treatment failure. C‑X‑C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) has been demonstrated to regulate OS progression and metastasis. However, whether CXCR4 is also involved in OS chemoresistance and its molecular mechanisms has yet to be fully elucidated. In the present study, CXCR4‑mediated...