Mechanical anisotropy of coal under coupled biaxial static and dynamic loads

Understanding the mechanical properties and fracturing behaviours of coal is significant for the safety of underground mining engineering. Coal failure characteristics are highly influenced by the anisotropy and loading conditions. In this study, the coupled biaxial static and dynamic tests are conducted on coal specimens with five bedding orientations θ (i.e., 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°) with respect to the normal direction to loading. A...