Generalisability through local validation: overcoming barriers due to data disparity in healthcare

Cho et al. report deep learning model accuracy for tilted myopic disc detection in a South Korean population. Here we explore the importance of generalisability of machine learning (ML) in healthcare, and we emphasise that recurrent underrepresentation of data-poor regions may inadvertently perpetuate global health inequity. Creating meaningful ML systems is contingent on understanding how, when, and why different ML models work in different...