The regulation of immune checkpoints by the hypoxic tumor microenvironment
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) influences the occurrence and progression of tumors, and hypoxia is an important characteristic of the TME. The expression of programmed death 1 (PD1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PDL1), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4), and other immune checkpoints in hypoxic malignant tumors is often significantly increased, and is associated with poor prognosis. The application of immune checkpoint inhibitors...
Paper Details
Title
The regulation of immune checkpoints by the hypoxic tumor microenvironment
Published Date
May 7, 2021
Journal
Volume
9
Pages
e11306 - e11306
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