Interpretation of Wave Reflections in the Umbilical Arterial Segment of the Feto-Placental Circulation: Computational Modeling of the Feto-Placental Arterial Tree

Placental vascular abnormalities are associated with a host of pregnancy complications including placenta mediated fetal growth restriction (FGR). Umbilical arterial (UA) Doppler ultrasound velocity waveforms are widely used in the diagnosis of underlying placental vascular abnormalities in pregnancies with suspected FGR, which greatly helps to prevent stillbirth via ongoing fetal monitoring and timely delivery. However, the sensitivity of UA...