Green extraction using deep eutectic solvents and antioxidant activities of flavonoids from two fruits of Rubia species

Natural deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were investigated as potential green extraction solvents in the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of flavonoids from Rubia truppeliana and R. cordifolia fruit. Lactic acid was selected as the optimal hydrogen bond donor for five solvents in the screening of DESs. To optimize the extraction of Rubia fruit flavonoids using DES and UAE, a Box–Behnken experimental design was developed. The optimal conditions...