Functioning and nonfunctioning pNENs

Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) are relatively rare tumors that have been increasingly recognized in recent years. They are highly heterogeneous and exhibit a diverse clinical course, along with a variable metastatic propensity related to their molecular biology profile, grade, primary tumor size, and functional status. The pNENs are divided into functioning and nonfunctioning tumor forms. Their pathological classification is based...