Early-stage lung cancer detection from radiomics to deep learning in thoracic CT images: a narrative review with contemporary clinical recommendations

: The accurate identification and characterization of pulmonary nodules at low-dose chest computed tomography (CT) images is an essential requirement for the implementation of effective lung cancer screening. Manual detection of lung nodules by the radiologist is a sequential and time-consuming process. Different nodule detection approaches are described elaborately in this work. Computer-aided diagnosis system acts as an assistance for the...