The influence of shale swelling on casing deformation during hydraulic fracturing

Casing deformations during hydraulic fracturing are a serious problem in the Weirong shale gas field. This study focuses on the mechanism of shale swelling-induced casing deformation. First, the characteristics of the casing deformations in the Weirong shale gas field were analyzed. Subsequently, the mechanism of shale swelling during immersion was investigated and numerical simulations were performed to investigate the effect of shale swelling...