Surface modification strategies for high-dose dry powder inhalers

There is a growing interest in the use of dry powder inhalers (DPIs) for administering high-dose drugs with low potency to the lungs as carrier-free formulations to treat both local pulmonary and systemic diseases. The main purpose of particle engineering and formulation design in the development of high-dose DPIs without carrier is to reduce the cohesive property of the particles and overcome the large inter-particulate interaction while...