Lithium beyond psychiatric indications: the reincarnation of a new old drug

Lithium has been used in the treatment of bipolar disorders for decades, but the exact mechanisms of action remain elusive to this day. Recent evidence suggests that lithium is critically involved in a variety of signaling pathways affecting apoptosis, inflammation, and neurogenesis, all of which contributing to the complex pathophysiology of various neurological diseases. As a matter of fact, preclinical work reports both acute and long-term...