Internal medicine

Radiology

Neuroscience

Voxel-based morphometry

Disease

Middle frontal gyrus

Functional connectivity

Resting state fMRI

Meta-analysis

Insula

Default mode network

Magnetic resonance imaging

Psychology

Superior temporal gyrus

Supramarginal gyrus

Functional magnetic resonance imaging

Neuropathology

Middle temporal gyrus

White matter

Functional neuroimaging

Neuroimaging

Medicine

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

Neuroimaging studies have identified brain structural and functional alterations of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients; however, there is no systematic information on the relations between abnormalities in these two domains. We conducted a multimodal meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry and regional resting-state functional MRI studies in T2DM, including fifteen structural datasets (693 patients and 684 controls) and sixteen functional datasets (378 patients and 358 controls). We found, in patients with T2DM compared to controls, conjoint decreased regional gray matter volume (GMV) and altered intrinsic activity mainly in the default mode network including bilateral superior temporal gyrus/Rolandic operculum, left middle and inferior temporal gyrus, and left supramarginal gyrus; decreased GMV alone in the limbic system; and functional abnormalities alone in the cerebellum, insula, and visual cortex. This meta-analysis identified complicated patterns of conjoint and dissociated brain alterations in T2DM patients, which may help provide new insight into the neuropathology of T2DM.

A multimodal meta-analysis of regional structural and functional brain alterations in type 2 diabetes