Comparative analysis of development paths within the framework of the two-tier corporate governance model in Germany, Italy, and China

This article aims to reveal the three trajectories of establishing the two-tier model and select Germany, Italy, and China to discuss the ontology of the two-tier model, its integration with other local models, and its development variants. This article compares the similarities and differences of the two-tier model in the organizational structures of three countries to show that there is institutional inertia or path dependence in the design of...