Unintentional Fusion in Preserved Facet Joints without Bone Grafting after Percutaneous Endoscopic Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion

A percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (PETLIF) procedure has been previously developed. During postoperative follow-up, in some patients, bone fusion occurred between opened facet joints, despite not having bone grafting in the facet joints. Here, we investigated facet fusion's frequency and tendencies following PETLIF.A retrospective analysis was conducted on a prospectively collected, nonrandomized series of...