Effect of austempering temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of ductile cast iron modified by niobium

Owing to their exceptional physical, mechanical, and technological properties, ductile cast irons have been increasingly used, especially in automotive industries. Alloying elements and heat treatment routes can increase the strength of ductile irons. In this work, the effects of austempering temperature and time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a ductile cast iron modified by 0.35% Nb have been studied. Two austempering...