Genetically modified human bone marrow aspirates by rAAV mediated overexpression of sox9 and TGF-beta viapnass-grafted poly(e-caprolactone) film-guided delivery activates the chondrogenic activity upon implantation in human osteochondral defects

Purpose: Adult articular cartilage has a limited ability for self-healing in response to injury. Gene transfer using the clinically adapted recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector is a powerful tool for cartilage repair [1] but the pre-existence of neutralizing antibodies against viral capsid epitopes in patients may impede gene transfer in vivo [2]. To circumvent such a barrier, we tested the feasibility of delivering therapeutic...