A higher-order quadrilateral shell finite element for geometrically nonlinear analysis

In this paper, we present a geometrically nonlinear formulation for a nine-node shell finite element and demonstrate its performance. The total Lagrangian formulation is utilized to allow for large displacements and large rotations. The mixed interpolation of tensorial components (MITC) technique is applied to effectively reduce the membrane and shear locking phenomena without refining mesh, introducing additional nodes, and using reduced...