FACTORS OF PERIOPERATIVE MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH GROWING RENAL CELL CARCINOMA IN INFERIOR VENA CAVA LUMEN

Difficult surgical cases of tumors of the inferior vena cava occur very often, because this intervention is characterized with technical difficulties and severe intraoperative complications. The most dangerous of these include massive bleeding, acute heart failure, and pulmonary embolism by tumor masses, which are the most common causes of perioperative mortality. Vena cava trombectomy is a special operation that can be accompanied by heavy...