The role of nephrectomy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the immuno‐oncology era

Three first-line, randomised phase III trials (Checkmate 214 [1], Checkmate 9ER [2], and Keynote 426 [3]) relied on predefined statistical criteria to validate the survival advantage of immuno-oncology (IO)-based systemic treatment in metastatic RCC (mRCC) relative to sunitinib. Within each of these three trials, stratification according to prior nephrectomy was addressed in post hoc progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS)...