Modeling and analysis of in-plane bending in fibrous reinforcements with rotation-free shell finite elements.

Simulations of the draping is currently based on membrane and out-of-plane bending stiffnesses of the composite textile reinforcements. In this article, an additional stiffness of in-plane bending of fibers is introduced. This stiffness gives rise to the appearance of transition zones in the deformation of fibrous reinforcements, which have been experimentally highlighted. Second gradient approaches have made it possible to model these phenomena...