Generic Seebeck effect from spin entropy

How magnetism affects the Seebeck effect is an important issue of wide concern in the thermoelectric community but remains elusive. Based on a thermodynamic analysis of spin degrees of freedom on varied d-electron-based ferromagnets and antiferromagnets, we demonstrate that in itinerant or partially itinerant null compounds there exists a generic spin contribution to the Seebeck effect over an extended temperature range from slightly below to...