Nuclear engineering

Geology

Process engineering

Pebble

Geomorphology

Engineering

Ceramic

Composite material

Materials science

Compatibility (geochemistry)

Blanket

Environmental science

Breeder (animal)

Fusion Engineering and Design

Biphasic ceramic pebbles, consisting of Li4SiO4 and Li2TiO3, are being developed as the EU reference tritium breeding material for ITER and DEMO. A modified melt-based process for the pebble fabrication was established and optimised with regard to the process stability and yield. In parallel, the properties of pebbles and pebble beds were evaluated in dedicated experiments. These include investigations into e.g. the long-term thermal stability of pebbles, the thermomechanical properties of pebble beds, as well as the compatibility between the ceramics and the structural material. The available data was recently summarised and issued as the Material Property Handbook on Advanced Ceramic Breeders. During the EU DEMO conceptual phase, two main issues are proposed to be pursued in view of ITER. Irradiation campaigns are planned to ensure that the advanced ceramic breeder material is adequately tested and an extensive process scale-up with an increased production rate is foreseen to secure the supply for the ITER test blanket modules.

Current status and future perspectives of EU ceramic breeder development