Brucein D modulates MAPK signaling cascade to exert multi-faceted anti-neoplastic actions against breast cancer cells

Breast cancer is a prominent type of malignancy among women with a high rate of mortality. A number of previous studies have demonstrated the anticancer potential of brucein D (BD), a quassinoid extracted from Brucea javanica, against the cancers of the pancreas, bone, and liver. We investigated the impact of BD on apoptotic as well on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades in breast cancer cells. The effect of BD on p38 MAPK...