Constructing anhydrous proton exchange membranes through alternate depositing graphene oxide and chitosan on sulfonated poly(vinylidenefluoride) or sulfonated poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) membranes

The proton exchange membranes (PEMs) have been constructed through alternate depositing chitosan (CS) and graphene oxide (GO) on the membrane substrates of sulfonated poly(vinylidenefluoride) (SPVDF) or sulfonated poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (SPVDF-HFP). Phosphoric acid (PA) doped membranes were formed owing to the intermolecular hydrogen bonds, which were expected to work as PEMs in high temperature proton exchange membrane...