Surgical Management of the Ocular Surface in Neurotrophic Keratopathy: Amniotic Membrane, Conjunctival Grafts, Lid Surgery, and Neurotization

Purpose: To review the surgical modalities available to treat Mackie stage 2 and stage 3 neurotrophic keratopathy. Methods: Literature review and technique descriptions. Results: The following procedures are described in detail with accompanying videos: temporary, permanent, and botox-assisted tarsorrhaphy; amniotic membrane transplant; keratoplasty with amniotic membrane and tarsorrhaphy augmentation; Gunderson and conjunctival pedicle flaps;...