Highly photostable croconium dye-anchored cell membrane vesicle for tumor pH-responsive duplex imaging-guided photothermal therapy

The development of tumor acidic microenvironment-responsive theranostic agents is a research hotspot. Herein, we developed highly photostable amphiphilic croconium dye-anchored red blood cell membrane vesicle (denoted as LET-5) for tumor pH-responsive near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) and photoacoustic (PA) duplex imaging-guided photothermal therapy. In tumor acidic microenvironment, both NIRF and PA signals of LET-5 were significantly enhanced...