Progressive Lung Injury, Inflammation, and Fibrosis in Rats Following Inhalation of Sulfur Mustard

Sulfur mustard (SM) inhalation causes debilitating pulmonary injury in humans which progresses to fibrosis. Herein, we developed a rat model of SM toxicity which parallels pathological changes in the respiratory tract observed in humans. SM vapor inhalation caused dose (0.2–0.6 mg/kg)-related damage to the respiratory tract within 3 days of exposure. At 0.4–0.6 mg/kg, ulceration of the proximal bronchioles, edema and inflammation were observed,...