Contactless reversible 4D-printing for 3D-to-3D shape morphing

4D printing provides a means to create dynamic structures for self-actuating devices fabricated by additive manufacturing techniques. Most existing 4D printing processes are only capable of one-way shape morphing using a single mechanism for stimulation. In the limited successful reversible 4D-printing studies, most only demonstrate 2D-to-3D shape morphing. This study introduces a contactless shape setting mechanism to empower reversible 4D...