Internal medicine

Heart failure

Atrial fibrillation

Mitral regurgitation

Ejection fraction

Cardiology

Surgery

Aortic valve replacement

Concomitant

valvular heart disease

Asymptomatic

Tricuspid valve

Stenosis

Regurgitation (circulation)

Medicine

Circulation Journal

Should early surgery be conducted for asymptomatic patients with severe AR with an LVEF ≥50% and an LVESD index >25 mm/m 2 ?Early surgery may be considered for asymptomatic patients with severe AR with an LVEF ≥50% and an LVESD index >25 mm/m 2 .2 C CQ 3 Should early operation be conducted for asymptomatic patients with very severe AS and preserved LVEF?If the transvalvular peak velocity is ≥5.0 m/s, the mean transvalvular pressure gradient is ≥60 mmHg, or the AVA is ≤0.6 cm 2 , operation is recommended for asymptomatic patients at low surgical risk. B CQ 4Should concomitant tricuspid valve repair be conducted for patients with mild TR and tricuspid annular dilation (>40 mm or 21 mm/m 2 in diameter)?Concomitant tricuspid valve repair may be considered for patients with mild TR and tricuspid annular dilation (>40 mm or 21 mm/m 2 in diameter). C CQ 5Can direct oral anticoaglants (DOACs) be used in patients with AF after bioprosthetic valve replacement?DOACs can be used in patients with AF and bioprosthesis after the 3rd postoperative month. 2 C AF, atrial fibrillation; AS, aortic stenosis; AVA, aortic valve area; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVESD, LV end-systolic dimension; MR, mitral regurgitation; TR, tricuspid regurgitation.Table 5. Frequency of Echocardiographic Examinations in Asymptomatic Patients With Valvular Heart Disease Stage Valve lesion Aortic stenosis Aortic regurgitation Mitral stenosis Mitral regurgitation Mild Every 3-5 years Every 3-5 years Every 3-5 years Every 3-5 years Moderate Every 1-2 years Every 1-2 years Every 1-2 years Every 1-2 years Severe Every 6-12 months Every 6-12 months Dilating LV: more frequently Every 1 year Every 6-12 months Dilating LV: more frequently LV, left ventricle; MVA, mitral valve area; Vmax, maximum velocity.* 1 Patient data include age, body surface area, sex, body mass index, current smoker status, history of diabetes mellitus and its treatment, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hemodialysis, hypertension, infective endocarditis, chronic lung diseases, carotid artery disease, extracardiac vascular disease, history of cerebrovascular accident, consciousness disturbance within 24 h, history of heart valve surgery, previous coronary intervention, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure New York Heart Association (class 0-II, III, IV), angina pectoris, cardiogenic shock, history of arrhythmia, use of inotropic agents, mitral valve stenosis, aortic valve stenosis, number of diseased vessels in coronary artery , left ventricular function, valve regurgitation sites and the degree or regurgitation, emergency status, concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting, unpredicted coronary artery surgery, surgical methods (e.g., replacement, repair, aortic root replacement), and double or triple valve surgery.* 2 GOLD=Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Stage I=mild (%FEV1 ≥80%), Stage II=moderate (50%≤%FEV1<80%), Stage III=severe (30%≤%FEV1<50%), Stage IV=very severe (%FEV1 <30%).* 3 CKD=chronic kidney disease eGFR categories (mL/min/1.73m 2 ) description and range: G1=normal or high (≥90), G2=mildly decreased (60-89), G3a=mildly to moderately decreased (45-59), G3b=moderately to severely decreased (30-44), G4=severely decreased (15-29), G5=kidney failure (<15), 5D=dialysis.

JCS/JSCS/JATS/JSVS 2020 Guidelines on the Management of Valvular Heart Disease