Psychology

Neuropsychological assessment

Episodic memory

Physical medicine and rehabilitation

Psychiatry

Multiple sclerosis

Neuroscience

Disease

Modalities

Cognitive decline

Neuropsychology

Cognition

Audiology

Pathology

Sociology

Dementia

Social science

Medicine

The Lancet Neurology

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, demyelinating disease of the CNS. Cognitive impairment is a sometimes neglected, yet common, sign and symptom with a profound effect on instrumental activities of daily living. The prevalence of cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis varies across the lifespan and might be difficult to distinguish from other causes in older age. MRI studies show that widespread changes to brain networks contribute to cognitive dysfunction, and grey matter atrophy is an early sign of potential future cognitive decline.

Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis: clinical management, MRI, and therapeutic avenues